Composite piling.



No. 727,583. PATENTED MAY 12, 1903.

COMPOSITE PILING.

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UNITED STATES Patented May 12, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

ALEXANDER E. BROWN, OF CLEVELAND, OI-IIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE BROIVN HOISTING MACHINERY COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO,

A CORPORATION.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 727,583,-dated May 12, 1903. Applioationfiled December 5, 1902. Serial No.'133,9i54. (No model.)

To ctZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER E.BRowN,a citizen of the United States,residing in the city of Cleveland, county of Ouyahoga, and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Composite Piling; and I herebydeclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being bad to the drawings accompanying and making a part of this specification.

Myinvention belongs to theparticular class of instruments or constructions of the kind referred to wherein the main constituent is cement, concrete, or like plastic material, sustained, however, and reinforced by combining the same either externally or internally with some other substance or material of a high degree of infrangibility. The employment of piles of this class in place of wood or metal is extremely desirable if certain defects in their construction, hitherto encountered, can be met and overcome, inasmuch as in the nature of things cement piling will not rot or be subject to the destructive action of worms, as in the case of woods,'or to rust, corrosion, or other serious effects of water and moisture, as in the case of iron and other metals.

Heretofore, on occasions, piles have been made up of cement protected by an outer cylindrical casing of iron; but this casing being itself unprotected such piles are found liable to injury and deterioration from the same causes as piles made wholly of iron. So, too, when a concrete column has been supplemented by a timber core the relative difference in expansion and contraction of the two materials has proved a source of weakness, as well as the capacity and tendency of the wooden center to absorb moisture through its extremities.

My present invention is designed to afford a form of piling madeup of concrete or like material firmly united and strengthened throughout its length by a metallic tube or cylinder uniformly related to said concrete at all points andwhich is itself wholly protected thereby. I accomplish said result by the peculiar combination shown in the drawings, and which I shall now point out with more detail.

In the drawings similar parts are indicated by the same characters of reference.

Figure I is a perspective View of a pile when broken crosswise, made according to my invention. Fig. II is a cross-sectional view of such pile. Figs. III and IV are segmental views, respectively, of methods of making up the metal parts employed in my said construc- "tlon.

A is a tubular core-or cylinder of the same length as the pile itself. It is characterized by a series of longitudinal corrugations c and (1, whose cross-sections are claviform or dovetail in shape and may be made up by bending sheet-metal plates having the corrugations just described into cylinders and then uniting the sameto each other at their ends until the desired length for the piling is attained. WVhen thus'made up, the said material itself will be the same as that heretofore and separately invented by meand covered by United States Letters Patent dated December 1'7, 1901, and bearing No. 689,281. As will appear by reference to said patent, the corrugations referred to may either have cross-sections of the same dimensions throughout their course or they maybe given a taper in alternately-reversed direction with respect to each other, in such case presenting cross-sections of different dimensions in different parts of the several corrugations. In Fig. III, I represent a portion of said core A when made up of a longitndinally connected series of cylindrical pieces a and 17, having corrugations of the same dimensions throughout their length, and in Fig. IV a series of similar pieces ct, having tapering corrugations with cross-sections of different dimensions. The latter pieces ct, one with respect to another, will be alike in every particular, and manifestly will telescope or overlap each other interchangeably and in this relation may be secured together. The former pieces, however, .will not thus interfit, and to enable one to penetrate the other and to thereby be fastened i pgether through the overlapping portions'l accordingly make the pieces a sufficiently larger in all dimensions than the intermediate pieces 0 to receive the same. It is of course evi' dent that dovetailed corrugated pieces a and b may be employed of equal dimensions one with respect to the other and be fastened together without interpenetration end to end by riveting the same to a common internal band or part at the point or in any other suitable manner. Said tubular'core or cylinder having been formed, as indicated, the cement, mortar, concrete, or like suitable material is molded about and filled Within the same, and the construction is thereby completed.

In the drawings, 0 represents the concrete matter composing the piling that surrounds said core A, and O the like matter that fills the same.

Although I show, describe, and, as a specific form of my device, claim a piling Where- 1 in the tubular portion A ismade up out of metal or material corrugated, as described, both inside and out, yet it is evident that while this form of construction has strong special ad vantages and,which will give it preference in practice my said invention in its broader scope is not to be limited to a form of structure only that is interiorly corrugated. It is plain that in this sense the invention covers a'pile wherein the cement or like material entering into its composition is held together and stiifened by a cylindrical core, although said core is substantially smooth within, the essential characterization in such case being supplied if said core is provided in any suitable manner with exterior claviform or dovetail-shaped corrugations of adequate proportions to receive and retain the outer coating 0.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isv 1. A piling, composed of cement or like material, containing an internal longitudinal tube or core, vmade up of a series of sheetmetal cylinders, fastened together at their ends, the said cylinders having claviform or dovetail-shaped corrugations lengthwise of the same, substantially as shown and described.

2. A piling composed of cement or like material, containing an internal tube or core, made up of a series of sheet-metal cylinders having claviform or dovetail-shaped corrugations', the said cylinders being arranged to overlap or telescope With each other, and, in such position to be riveted or otherwise fastened together at their ends, substantially as shown and described.

ALEXANDER E. BROWN.

' In presence of M. MILLARD, CHAS. H. WRIGHT. 

